2 Samuel 20:8

Authorized King James Version

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When they were at the great stone which is in Gibeon, Amasa went before them. And Joab's garment that he had put on was girded unto him, and upon it a girdle with a sword fastened upon his loins in the sheath thereof; and as he went forth it fell out.

Original Language Analysis

הֵ֗ם H1992
הֵ֗ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 1 of 23
they (only used when emphatic)
עִם H5973
עִם
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 2 of 23
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
הָאֶ֤בֶן stone H68
הָאֶ֤בֶן stone
Strong's: H68
Word #: 3 of 23
a stone
הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ When they were at the great H1419
הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ When they were at the great
Strong's: H1419
Word #: 4 of 23
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 5 of 23
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
בְּגִבְע֔וֹן which is in Gibeon H1391
בְּגִבְע֔וֹן which is in Gibeon
Strong's: H1391
Word #: 6 of 23
gibon, a place in palestine
וַֽעֲמָשָׂ֖א Amasa H6021
וַֽעֲמָשָׂ֖א Amasa
Strong's: H6021
Word #: 7 of 23
amasa, the name of two israelites
בָּ֣א went H935
בָּ֣א went
Strong's: H935
Word #: 8 of 23
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם before H6440
לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 9 of 23
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
וְיוֹאָ֞ב them And Joab's H3097
וְיוֹאָ֞ב them And Joab's
Strong's: H3097
Word #: 10 of 23
joab, the name of three israelites
חָג֣וּר׀ was girded H2296
חָג֣וּר׀ was girded
Strong's: H2296
Word #: 11 of 23
to gird on (as a belt, armor, etc.)
מִדּ֣וֹ garment H4055
מִדּ֣וֹ garment
Strong's: H4055
Word #: 12 of 23
properly, extent, i.e., height; also a measure; by implication, a vesture (as measured); also a carpet
לְבֻשׁ֗וּ that he had put on H3830
לְבֻשׁ֗וּ that he had put on
Strong's: H3830
Word #: 13 of 23
a garment (literally or figuratively); by implication (euphemistically) a wife
וְעָלָ֞ו H5921
וְעָלָ֞ו
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 14 of 23
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
חֲג֥וֹר unto him and upon it a girdle H2289
חֲג֥וֹר unto him and upon it a girdle
Strong's: H2289
Word #: 15 of 23
belted
חֶ֙רֶב֙ with a sword H2719
חֶ֙רֶב֙ with a sword
Strong's: H2719
Word #: 16 of 23
drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
מְצֻמֶּ֤דֶת fastened H6775
מְצֻמֶּ֤דֶת fastened
Strong's: H6775
Word #: 17 of 23
to link, i.e., gird; figuratively, to serve, (mentally) contrive
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 18 of 23
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מָתְנָיו֙ upon his loins H4975
מָתְנָיו֙ upon his loins
Strong's: H4975
Word #: 19 of 23
properly, the waist or small of the back; only in plural the loins
בְּתַעְרָ֔הּ in the sheath H8593
בְּתַעְרָ֔הּ in the sheath
Strong's: H8593
Word #: 20 of 23
a knife or razor (as making bare); also a scabbard (as being bare, i.e., empty)
וְה֥וּא H1931
וְה֥וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 21 of 23
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
יָצָ֖א thereof and as he went forth H3318
יָצָ֖א thereof and as he went forth
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 22 of 23
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
וַתִּפֹּֽל׃ it fell out H5307
וַתִּפֹּֽל׃ it fell out
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 23 of 23
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)

Analysis & Commentary

When they were at the great stone which is in Gibeon, Amasa went before them. And Joab's garment that he had put on was girded unto him, and upon it a girdle with a sword fastened upon his loins in the sheath thereof; and as he went forth it fell out.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Sheba's Rebellion, emphasizing ongoing challenges to authority. Sheba's rebellion demonstrates that David's troubles continue despite Absalom's defeat. The wise woman's intervention prevents unnecessary bloodshed. Theological themes include ongoing resistance to God's appointed leader, the value of wisdom in crisis resolution, the danger of divisive rhetoric, and God's provision of unexpected solutions through unlikely people.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 20 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding ongoing challenges to authority provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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